Inquinamento
e costi sociali: una prima stima dei risparmi potenzialmente ottenibili con
l’applicazione di materiali nano strutturati in ambito urbano.
[Air pollution and social cost: a first estimate of potential savings
from the urban application of nano-structured materials]
Monica Cariola National Research Council
of Italy
CNR-CERIS
Institute for Economic
Research on Firm and Growth Collegio Carlo Alberto -
via Real Collegio, n. 30 10024 Moncalieri (Torino) – ITALY Tel.: +39 011 68
24 921;
fax : +39 011 68
24 966;
email:
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Alessandro Manello
National Research Council
of Italy
CNR-CERIS
Institute for Economic
Research on Firm and Growth
Collegio Carlo Alberto -
via Real Collegio, n. 30
10024 Moncalieri (Torino) – ITALY
Tel.: +39 011 68
24 942;
fax : +39 011 68
24 966;
email:
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Abstract: Because
nowadays more than 200 kind of diseases are to some extent connected to
atmospheric pollution, with a very significant impact on the social cost of a
community, it can be important to study the effect that plans for using technologies
able to treat urban areas atmosphere as a whole (in particular public areas),
may have on reducing social and economic costs. The relationship between the
increment of air pollutant concentration and morbidity/mortality due to
natural, heart, encephalovascular and respiratory causes has been widely
documented in national and international scientific literature. A technology
based on nano-structured materials (TiO2 based nanocompounds) which,
under ultraviolet radiations, presents photocathalytic effects, can be able to decompose
a wide variety of atmospheric pollutants as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and
nano-powder (PM10). In this paper we study and set up a model for
the economic
and social impact
assessment of a large scale implementation of this technology in the field of urban
and building construction. The paper assumes that the estimates of
economic-social costs of air pollution, can be used as a starting point for a
preliminary determination of the savings, which can be realized by employing photocatalytic
pigments and mortars on a wide urban scale. This analysis has been applied to
data referred to the town of Turin and has highlighted the possibility of a
considerable level of saving in terms of social and economic costs.
Keywords: 4-6 nanocompounds, atmospheric pollutants,
social costs evaluation, social saving, titanium dioxide.